How to give negative feedback without demotivating employees

In every leader’s career there comes a time when they have to give negative feedback to a direct report. Someone might be underperforming, having interpersonal issues with another team member, or feeling disengaged from their work. These are the moments where you need to step up and offer honest feedback to try to help the situation. But it’s not always clear how to best give tough feedback in a way that lands with the recipient. In fact,

1 in 5 employees say the feedback they get at work doesn’t help them grow and develop.

Officevibe’s Pulse Survey data

The way you give feedback can have a big impact on an employee’s success, engagement, and level of trust toward you — for better or for worse. This is why giving feedback effectively is an important skill for leaders to develop.

Keep reading for tips on how to improve your feedback skills, create a feedback culture on your team, and make constructive criticism a positive experience for your team members.

Why knowing how to give negative feedback is so important?

It can be as tough giving negative feedback as it is to hear it. But the reason why it’s challenging to give is the same reason why it’s so important that you do: because you care about the person you’re sharing feedback with. Offering constructive feedback to employees shows that you’re invested in their progression and achievement.

The point of giving negative feedback isn’t to shine a light on a mistake or failure. Constructive criticism should show someone another perspective or highlight something they weren’t aware of. The intention should be to help, not to reprimand.

Focusing people on their shortcomings doesn’t enable learning; it impairs it.

The Feedback Fallacy, HBR

Learning is the bottom line of all types of feedback. Whether it’s positive feedback or negative feedback, it should always be constructive. Ongoing development and opportunities for growth are among the most important factors for job satisfaction. So having a manager who’s good at delivering negative feedback can make a big difference in an employee’s experience, not to mention their performance.

How to give negative feedback effectively: 5 tips

Even with strong communication skills and a healthy level of trust, delivering negative feedback is never easy. It’s normal to feel nervous and wonder what will happen and how your employee will receive your feedback. What if they get angry? Cry? Don’t like me? What if they quit?

Remember that you have a lot more control over how you deliver negative feedback than how it’s received. If you’re prepared, it makes your feedback process a lot less stressful and leads to a more productive conversation.

1. Prepare your talking points

It’s always important to plan out what you want to say and how you’ll say it. This helps you stick to the main points you want to address and make sure your negative feedback is delivered properly. If you can, try bouncing your notes off a trusted colleague or friend for an outside perspective on how your feedback comes across.

That last question is one of the most important. Understanding your intentions helps you measure the success of your feedback session and pinpoint a goal for the conversation.

2. Keep it professional, avoid getting personal

Negative feedback should never be directed at an employee’s personality — it should be about their actions or behavior, both of which are amenable. Corrective feedback at work needs to be related to the person’s role, responsibilities, or otherwise relevant to the job. And, negative feedback should improve team and employee performance.

3. Ask questions and listen carefully

Every productive conversation is a two-way street. Sometimes a good way to approach tough feedback is to start by asking for the other person’s perspective. You can ask coaching questions to help guide them through the issue at hand and arrive at their own conclusions. Hear them out on their theories of what could be done better — you might even be surprised by their insights.

4. Be direct and genuine

Have you ever tried to deliver feedback using the sandwich method? In other words, squishing the negative feedback between two positives in the hopes of softening the blow? This is a surefire way to confuse your receiver and dilute your message. Keep positive feedback separate from constructive feedback to avoid sending mixed messages.

Likewise, if you try to mask your criticism as positive feedback, or suddenly take on a new persona in your feedback session, your direct report might start to feel distrustful or defensive. Employees want a manager who’s honest, transparent, and communicative. So be natural, be direct, and keep your employee’s best interest in mind when you share negative feedback.

5. Discuss solutions and set next steps

Giving constructive feedback isn’t just about evaluating, it’s about evolution. Ongoing feedback is a crucial part of improving and managing employee performance and helping your team members grow. So beyond sharing your perspective on the present, be sure to discuss how the feedback applies in the future, and what actions your employee might take to apply it in their day-to-day.

Whatever the starting point of the conversation, an important part of giving corrective feedback is establishing clear next steps. Help your employee pinpoint a few action items you can follow up on in your next discussion.

What are the effects of poorly delivered negative feedback?

Poorly delivered negative feedback can be worse than no feedback at all. How people receive feedback can make a big difference in how (or whether) they apply it. If constructive feedback is perceived as criticism, punishment, or an attack, employees may shut down. This can impact everything from an employee’s performance to their morale, engagement, and trust in their manager or peers.

Giving negative feedback in a one-on-one meeting

A one-on-one meeting is often the best setting for giving negative feedback to an employee. Critical feedback can be tough to hear, and the most respectful way to bring up any kind of constructive criticism is in a private conversation.

How to give constructive feedback in a one-on-one

1. Schedule the meeting in advance. Avoid catching your direct report by surprise by sending them a meeting invite.
2. Set a meeting agenda and talking points. In your invitation, include a brief agenda of the points you’d like to discuss — our meeting agenda template for difficult conversations can come in handy. Ask your employee to add anything they’d like to go over, too.
3. Give the employee space to talk. Keep an open mind and ask plenty of one-on-one meeting questions, to prompt your employee to reflect and share.
4. Take notes and set action items. Write down notes on what you’ve discussed, and go over any action items you set at the end of the feedback session.
5. Don’t forget to follow up. Check in with your employee at your next one-on-one, or even beforehand, to see how they’re processing and implementing your feedback.

Make ongoing feedback a part of your employee management

When regular feedback exchanges are a part of your manager-employee relationships, it makes it a lot easier to offer negative feedback when you have to. Not only does getting more practice make giving feedback less intimidating, it also helps employees be more open to hearing you out. Keep a regular feedback frequency to avoid catching anyone off guard, and definitely don’t stockpile negative feedback and dump it on someone all at once.

Beyond simply giving feedback more frequently, you also need to be asking for it. If employees know that they can share their thoughts and opinions with you, they’ll be more receptive when you share feedback with them. This is why developing feedback loops and getting feedback from employees is so important.

How to build a feedback loop on your team

1. Be open to receiving feedback: Ask for your direct reports’ opinions and share the things you’re working on personally. Demonstrate that everyone has room to grow and set the tone for ongoing professional development. See our examples of manager feedback.
2. Solicit employee feedback: An anonymous employee feedback tool like Officevibe gives people the space to share their honest thoughts, ideas, questions, or concerns. It sparks conversations that wouldn’t happen otherwise.
3. Put feedback into practice: Apply the insights you gather from employees into the day-to-day functioning of the team. When people see that you accept feedback openly, they’ll be more likely to do the same.
4. Get your team members involved: Involve employees in the ongoing development of work processes and ask for their ideas on how you can improve as a team. Make it clear that everyone’s voice counts.

Providing feedback is at the heart of great leadership

It might be challenging, but offering feedback is a part of people management — and that includes the occasional constructive criticism. When you’re committed to employee development, the person receiving your feedback will see that you’re coming from a good place.

Use the tips outlined in this article to give tough feedback in a more constructive way.